About Hydrocephalus
From the Greek words “hydro” (water) and “cephalus” (head), hydrocephalus is often referred to as ‘water on the brain.’ Patients seeking Hydrocephalus Treatment in Rutherford NJ can benefit from advanced diagnostic and surgical options that help manage this condition effectively.
Rather than water, however, it is the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that characterizes hydrocephalus.
What Is Hydrocephalus?
Hydrocephalus is a condition that occurs when cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) builds up in the brain. CSF is a clear fluid that protects and nourishes the brain and spinal cord. Normally, it flows through the brain’s ventricles (fluid-filled spaces) and is absorbed into the bloodstream.
When this fluid cannot drain properly or is produced in excess, it builds up inside the brain. This increases pressure on the brain and can lead to serious neurological problems if left untreated.
At Advanced Neurosurgery Associates, our experienced hydrocephalus neurosurgeons and hydrocephalus specialists provide expert diagnosis and treatment for children and adults. Families seeking hydrocephalus children’s treatment in Rutherford, NJ, can rely on our team for compassionate, personalized care.
Concerned about a child or an aging parent? We treat hydrocephalus at every age. Talk to our team today.
Common Causes of Hydrocephalus
The exact cause is not always known. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), there are more than 180 possible causes.
Hydrocephalus may be linked to:
Birth defects such as spina bifida or encephalocele
Premature birth
Meningitis
Brain tumors
Traumatic brain injury
Brain bleeding
Obstruction of CSF flow
Rare genetic conditions
Diagnosing Hydrocephalus
Diagnosing hydrocephalus in New Jersey begins with a neurological exam and a review of symptoms. Advanced imaging tests, such as MRI or CT scans, help confirm the diagnosis, identify the cause, and guide the most effective treatment plan for children and adults.
Consultation
During a consultation, your physician will order the appropriate tests according to a physical exam, the patient’s age, and the suspected issues, such as whether it is communicating or non-communicating hydrocephalus.
It is common for additional tests to be ordered when normal pressure hydrocephalus is suspected (usually seen in adults). We explain more in our article on the different types of hydrocephalus.
How Hydrocephalus Is Diagnosed
The following imaging techniques may be used to evaluate the possibility of hydrocephalus:
- Computed tomography (CT) scanning used to assess the size of cranial ventricles and other structures
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used to assess the size of cranial ventricles and other structures
- MRI cine – a special MRI technique that estimates the flow of CSF from one ventricle to the next
- Ultrasonography to assess for hemorrhage or progression of infant hydrocephalus
Our physicians always discuss what each test is for and how they are performed, so you and your loved one know what to expect. You can book a consultation if you would like more information.
Treatment of Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus treatment has advanced significantly over the past 20 years. Although there is no cure, early diagnosis and timely treatment can help reduce pressure on the brain and prevent serious complications. At Advanced Neurosurgery Associates, our experienced hydrocephalus specialists provide personalized care for children and adults using the latest treatment options.
Treatment Options
- Brain Shunt Surgery – The most common treatment for hydrocephalus.
- Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV) – A minimally invasive option for selected patients.
- Personalized Treatment Plans – Based on the patient’s age, symptoms, and type of hydrocephalus.
What Is Brain Shunt Surgery?
A brain shunt is a small medical device that drains excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the brain to another part of the body. The shunt contains a one-way valve that opens when pressure increases, allowing excess fluid to drain safely and reduce pressure. Our hydrocephalus specialists carefully evaluate each patient to determine the most appropriate treatment option.
CSF Shunting Surgery
Are Brain Shunts Permanent?
Hydrocephalus Recovery & Rehabilitation
At Advanced Neurosurgery Associates, our hydrocephalus specialists provide ongoing care after surgery to support a safe recovery. Regular follow-up visits help ensure your shunt is working properly and allow your doctor to monitor your healing.
What to Expect During Recovery
After brain shunt surgery, it is normal to experience:
- Mild pain or tenderness around the incision
- Tightness in the neck or abdomen
- Headaches for the first few weeks
- Tiredness or fatigue
- Mild swelling as your body heals
Rest, light walking, and following your doctor’s instructions can help speed recovery. Always talk to your doctor before taking any medication.
Follow-Up Care
Your recovery does not end after surgery. Your doctor may:
- Check that the shunt is working properly
- Adjust the shunt valve if needed
- Order imaging tests to monitor healing
- Schedule regular follow-up appointments
Signs of a Shunt Problem
Contact your doctor immediately if you notice:
- Severe or worsening headaches
- Fever or signs of infection
- Redness or swelling around the shunt
- Vomiting or unusual sleepiness
- Changes in vision or balance
- New neurological symptoms
Long-Term Care
Some patients, especially children, may need a shunt replacement as they grow. Others may keep the same shunt for many years without problems. Carrying medical identification that states you have a brain shunt is recommended in case of an emergency.
If you’re searching for a hydrocephalus specialist near me, the experienced hydrocephalus specialists at Advanced Neurosurgery Associates provide expert long-term care and support for children and adults living with hydrocephalus.
Your vigilance with our hydrocephalus patients is ongoing. It is important to maintain a close connection with your medical team during your hydrocephalus in children recovery and rehabilitation period after your surgery.
This support system will become especially important in cases of an emergency shunt malfunction or if there is an infection. We educate our patients to become vigilant for any signs of malfunction, which we explain below.
Recovery Time After Shunt Surgery
At Advanced Neurosurgery Associates, we use advanced, minimally invasive techniques whenever possible to treat hydrocephalus. Brain shunt surgery usually takes less than one hour, and most patients recover in the hospital for 1–2 days.
During Recovery
- Return to work or school within about one week, depending on your recovery and daily activities.
- Avoid heavy lifting, intense exercise, and contact sports for 4–6 weeks.
- Take short walks and light activity each day to help improve strength and balance.
- Ask your doctor when it is safe to travel by plane.
- Car or bus travel is generally safe if you can move around every 2 hours.
- Most patients should avoid driving for 4–6 weeks, or until their doctor says it is safe.
Your doctor will provide recovery instructions based on your condition and monitor your progress during follow-up visits.
Shunt Maintenance After Hydrocephalus Surgery
At ANA, we are focused on the importance of follow-up care after shunt surgery. As part of our shunt maintenance, patients are re-evaluated on a regular basis or as needed in the presence of any post-surgical signs, symptoms or concerns, with or without imaging.
All patients and/or caregivers are educated to understand any shunt-related symptoms and encouraged to contact ANA with any concerns.
Hydrocephalus in Children and Adults
Hydrocephalus is one of the most common birth defects affecting the brain and spine. It affects about 1 in 500 babies and is more common in infants than adults. Without timely hydrocephalus treatment, the buildup of fluid can place pressure on the brain and lead to serious complications.
At Advanced Neurosurgery Associates, we provide expert pediatrics hydrocephalus treatment in Rutherford, NJ as well as care for adults with hydrocephalus.
Types of Hydrocephalus
Congenital Hydrocephalus – Present at birth and may develop during pregnancy because of genetic or developmental conditions.
Acquired Hydrocephalus – Develops after birth due to conditions such as injury, infection, bleeding, or other medical problems. It can affect children and adults of any age.
Early diagnosis and personalized hydrocephalus treatment can help reduce complications and improve long-term outcomes.
Is Hydrocephalus Rare?
Approximately 1 million Americans have hydrocephalus, making it a relatively rare condition. However, with around one in 770 babies born with hydrocephalus, it is similar to down syndrome and more common than getting a brain tumor or spina bifida.
Can Hydrocephalus Be Cured?
While there is no cure for this condition, it is treatable. In 25 years, death rates decreased from 54% to 5%.
ANA is committed to the most comprehensive care for those who come to us from among the 1 million Americans who suffer from this disease.
To learn more about how our caring and dedicated neurosurgeons can help you and your loved one, please call us today. Serving New Jersey, New York, Connecticut and Pennsylvania, Advanced Neurosurgery Associates’ team is ready to help anytime.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the symptoms of hydrocephalus?
Common symptoms include headaches, nausea, vomiting, balance problems, blurred vision, and difficulty concentrating. In infants, signs may include a rapidly growing head, a bulging soft spot, or irritability.
At what age is hydrocephalus diagnosed?
Hydrocephalus can be diagnosed at any age, but it is often found in infants or young children. In some cases, it may also develop later in childhood or adulthood.
How is hydrocephalus detected?
Doctors usually detect hydrocephalus using brain imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans. These tests show if there is extra fluid in the brain. Specialists at Advanced Neurosurgery Associates (ANA) use advanced imaging to diagnose and evaluate the condition.
Can people with hydrocephalus survive?
Yes, many people with hydrocephalus live healthy lives with proper treatment and monitoring. Early diagnosis and medical care can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Can hydrocephalus cause sudden death?
In rare cases, untreated hydrocephalus can lead to serious complications. However, with proper medical treatment and regular monitoring, most patients can avoid severe problems.
What should be avoided with hydrocephalus?
People with hydrocephalus should avoid activities that may cause head injuries and should follow their doctor’s instructions carefully. Missing medical checkups or ignoring symptoms should also be avoided.
Can kids with hydrocephalus play sports?
Many children with hydrocephalus can participate in certain sports and physical activities, but it depends on their condition. Doctors may recommend avoiding high-impact sports that increase the risk of head injury.
Can hydrocephalus be cured without surgery?
In most cases, hydrocephalus requires surgical treatment, such as placing a shunt or performing an endoscopic procedure to drain excess fluid. Doctors at Advanced Neurosurgery Associates evaluate each patient to determine the best treatment option.
How risky is hydrocephalus surgery?
Hydrocephalus surgery is generally safe and commonly performed, but like any surgery, there are some risks. Experienced neurosurgeons carefully monitor patients to reduce complications.
Is hydrocephalus genetic?
Some cases of hydrocephalus may be linked to genetic conditions or birth defects, but many cases occur without a known genetic cause.
Get Expert Hydrocephalus Care
Whether you’re concerned about a child’s development or an aging parent’s symptoms, our neurosurgical team provides thorough diagnosis, clear explanations, and advanced treatment options for hydrocephalus at every stage of life.